EHV is not airborne in the way measles or COVID-like viruses are. Instead, it spreads through a mix of close respiratory contact, contaminated surfaces, and human involvement. Here’s how:
- Nose-to-Nose Contact
Horses greeting each other over stall doors, fences, and at the wash rack can pass the virus within seconds.
- Respiratory Droplets in Enclosed Barns
Coughing, snorting, or simply breathing in poorly ventilated aisles can move viral particles through the air.
- Contaminated Surfaces
Items that travel between horses—lead ropes, buckets, bits, grooming tools—can harbor the virus.
- Human Spread
Grooms, farriers, trainers, and owners can unintentionally transport the virus on clothing, hands, and equipment.
- Stress, Travel & Immune Suppression
Hauling, hard competition schedules, and winter confinement all lower immunity, making horses more susceptible after exposure.
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